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What the reviews found

Supplements for Memory & Cognition

10 where systematic reviews concluded a benefit, 1 with mixed findings, 5 where they concluded no effect. Every line quotes the review and links it, so you can read the sentence yourself.

Reviews found a benefit

Systematic reviews concluded these improve an outcome tied to memory & cognition, and none concluded no effect.

  1. Benefitcognitive decline/dementia risk(as Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
    Dietary intake or long-term supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids may help reduce risk of AD or cognitive decline. PMID 37028557
    Benefitdementia and cognitive decline risk(as Docosahexaenoic Acid)
    dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids could lower risk of all-cause dementia or cognitive decline by ∼20%, especially for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake (relative risk [RR]: 0.82, I2 = 63.6%, P = 0.001) PMID 37028557
    Benefitcognitive decline(as Omega-3 DHA)
    The CDR scale showed reduced progression of cognitive decline among patients with n-3-PUFA supplemental interventions, with no differences between different n-3-PUFA supplements. PMID 38924283
  2. Benefitmemory
    Bacopa monnieri improves language, learning and memory. PMID 34978226
    Benefitmemory free recall
    There is some evidence to suggest that Bacopa improves memory free recall with evidence for enhancement in other cognitive abilities currently lacking perhaps due to inconsistent measures employed by studies across these cognitive domains. PMID 22747190
  3. Benefitepisodic memory
    blueberry intake showed a statistically significant improvement in episodic memory. PMID 40856863
    Benefitlanguage memory
    Blueberry intake was also associated with improved language memory in MCI patients PMID 40856863
  4. B Complex
    5 reviews cited
    Benefitcognitive decline and dementia risk
    This meta-analysis suggests that B vitamin supplementation is associated with slowing of cognitive decline, especially in populations who received early intervention and intervention of long duration PMID 34432056 · 2 reviews
  5. Benefitcognitive function (attention and executive function)
    Caffeine enhances attention and executive functions. PMID 34978226
  6. Benefitcognitive function in healthy individuals
    It also enhances cognitive functions among healthy individuals and improves prognosis after stroke PMID 33053828
  7. Benefitmemory
    Creatine supplementation enhanced measures of memory performance in healthy individuals, especially in older adults (66-76 years). PMID 35984306
  8. Benefitcognitive function
    A low strength of evidence suggests that L-carnosine supplement combined with anserine or antioxidants can slow cognitive function decline among healthy elderly or patients with probable Alzheimer's Disease or mild neurocognitive disorder. PMID 42123986
  9. 1 review cited
    Benefitcognitive function in alcohol use disorder(as Thiamine)
    Additionally, studies have demonstrated that thiamine supplementation in AUD patients, even in the absence of thiamine deficit, leads to improvements in cognitive function. PMID 39818490
  10. Benefitcognitive function
    This systematic review showed a direct relationship among cognitive functions, macular pigment and the intake of lutein and zeaxanthin. PMID 35752349

Mixed: a benefit on one measure, no effect on another

  1. No effectcognitive function in mental disorders
    current evidence does not support citicoline or PS-containing compounds as effective cognitive enhancers in mental disorders PMID 42538853
    Benefitcognitive impairment
    The inclusion of a highly effective drug in the specialized medical care system will ensure the availability of cognitive impairment treatment programs and improve patients' quality of life. PMID 41362980
    Benefitcognitive function and stroke prognosis
    It also enhances cognitive functions among healthy individuals and improves prognosis after stroke. PMID 33053828

Reviews found no effect

Reviews studied these for an outcome tied to memory & cognition and concluded they made no difference.

  1. No effectcognitive performance
    Overall, this systematic review does not support a beneficial effect of DHEA therapy on cognitive performance in postmenopausal women. PMID 37788418
  2. Lignans
    1 review cited
    No effectcognitive function
    Anthocyanidins, phenolic acids, and lignans did not significantly affect cognitive outcomes (MMSE or ADCS-Cog) PMID 41524705
  3. No effectcognitive performance
    current evidence does not support citicoline or PS-containing compounds as effective cognitive enhancers in mental disorders PMID 42538853
  4. No effectneurocognition
    Supplementation also improved blood pressure and exercise capacity, though no significant effects on neurocognition were observed. PMID 41803812
    No effectcognitive function
    Taurine, administered alone or in combination with exercise training, did not exhibit significant effects in cognitive scores. PMID 40320621
  5. No effectcognitive function
    we found no evidence for an effect of B12 alone or B complex supplementation on any subdomain of cognitive function outcomes PMID 33809274 · 2 reviews

Not enough to say

Reviews of Ashwagandha, Beetroot, Ginkgo Biloba, Isoflavones, Phospholipids, Resveratrol, Rhodiola, Valerian, Vitamin B6, Vitamin C could not conclude either way on memory & cognition.

How this page is built

Each finding is the conclusion a set of systematic reviews reached on one outcome — whether an ingredient helped, made no difference, or could not be judged — with a sentence quoted from one review, checked to appear in its PubMed abstract. It records the direction, not the size, of an effect. Reviews run in populations such as people with cancer, pregnancy, surgery or children are left out, because applying them to a general reader would mislead. Evidence last refreshed September 2026. Abstracts courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed).

Other goals

Educational only. A review finding a benefit on average does not mean a supplement will help you, or that it is safe alongside your medication. If you are treated for memory & cognition, talk to your clinician before adding anything.