Vitamin
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Also known as: Adenosylcobalamin, B12, Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin
A
Evidence
An essential water-soluble vitamin required for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. Cyanocobalamin is a stable synthetic form commonly used in supplements.
Primary uses
- Energy production
- Nerve function
- Red blood cell formation
- Methylation support
- Neurological health
- Pernicious anemia prevention
- pregnancy support
- energy metabolism
- DNA synthesis
How it works
- Cofactor for methionine synthase (methylation)
- Cofactor for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (energy metabolism)
- Essential for myelin synthesis and nerve function
Dosage
- Typical range
- 500-2000 mcg daily
- Timing
- Any time, sublingual preferred
- With food
- Not required
- Duration
- Safe for long-term use
- Special populations
- Vegans, elderly, those on metformin or PPIs need more
Forms
- Methylcobalamin
- Adenosylcobalamin
- Hydroxocobalamin
- Cyanocobalamin
- methylcobalamin (active form)· 70/100
Safety
Common side effects
- Very well tolerated
Contraindications
- Rare B12 hypersensitivity
Evidence notes
Well-established essential nutrient with strong evidence for deficiency treatment
Grade A: Multiple well-designed human trials support the main claims.
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