Primary Research · 2014
The prevalence of cobalamin deficiency among vegetarians assessed by serum vitamin B12
Pawlak et al. · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2014
Key finding
Systematic review finding B12 deficiency prevalence of 62% in pregnant vegetarian women, 86% in elderly vegetarians, 41% in adolescents.
Read the paper
Open on PubMedhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23942765/
Cited in 3 guides
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Most adults take multivitamins as nutritional insurance — but 700,000-person studies show near-zero mortality benefit. Learn when one helps and when to target instead.
Guide
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Skip the influencer hauls. Learn a step-by-step, evidence-based method to build a supplement stack that fits your goals — without wasting money.
Guide
Vitamin B12 Guide 2026: Which Form & Dose You Need
Find out if you’re actually B12 deficient — and why standard tests miss it. Covers methylcobalamin vs cyanocobalamin, dosing, and the MMA test.
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