Vitamin
Vitamin E
Also known as: Alpha-tocopherol, d-alpha-tocopherol, Tocopherol, Tocotrienol
A
Evidence
A fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin that protects cells from free radical damage and supports immune and cardiovascular health. The dl-form (synthetic) is bioequivalent to natural alpha-tocopherol.
Primary uses
- Antioxidant protection
- Skin health
- Cell membrane integrity
- Cardiovascular health
- Neuroprotection
- Cholesterol support
- Skin protection
- Antioxidant
- Scar healing
- Dry skin
- Immune support
- T-cell function
How it works
- Lipid peroxidation chain breaker
- Cell membrane protection
- Gene expression
Dosage
- Typical range
- 100-400 IU daily
- Timing
- With fat-containing meal
- With food
- Yes
- Duration
- Long-term at moderate doses
- Special populations
- Avoid high doses before surgery
Forms
- Mixed tocopherols softgel
- Full spectrum with tocotrienols
- Annatto-derived
- Palm-derived
- Mixed tocopherols
- d-alpha-tocopherol
- Synthetic (dl-)
- Tocotrienols
- dl-Alpha tocopheryl acetate (synthetic)· 70/100
- d-Alpha tocopherol (natural)· 70/100
- dl-alpha tocopherol (synthetic)· 70/100
- d-α-tocopheryl acetate· 70/100
- d-α-tocopherol· 70/100
Safety
Common side effects
- Well tolerated
Contraindications
- Bleeding disorders
- Pre-surgery
Known interactions
Evidence notes
Essential antioxidant vitamin
Grade A: Multiple well-designed human trials support the main claims.
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