Herbal Extract
Grapefruit Seed Extract
Also known as: GSE, Citrus paradisi seed extract, grapefruit seed powder
Grapefruit seed extract is a citrus-derived compound marketed for antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, though human clinical evidence remains limited. Most research has been conducted in vitro or in animal models rather than controlled human trials.
Last reviewed June 2026 · Evidence graded from peer-reviewed research, not editorial opinion. Educational only — not medical advice.
Primary uses
- Antimicrobial support
- Antioxidant support
- Immune system support
- Digestive health
How it works
- Contains polyphenols and flavonoids with potential antimicrobial activity
- May inhibit bacterial and fungal growth in laboratory settings
- Theoretical antioxidant effects from citrus bioflavonoids
Dosage
- Typical range
- 50-300 mg daily (varies widely; often 125-250 mg for powder)
- Timing
- With or without food; typically divided into 2-3 doses
- With food
- May be taken with or without food; some prefer with meals for tolerance
- Duration
- Typically used short-term (2-4 weeks) or cyclically; long-term safety data limited
- Special populations
- Pregnant/nursing women should consult provider; use cautiously in children
Forms
- Powder· 70/100
- Liquid extract· 70/100
- Capsule· 70/100
Safety
Common side effects
- Digestive upset (nausea, diarrhea)
- Allergic reactions (rare)
- Headache (uncommon)
Contraindications
- History of citrus allergy or sensitivity
- Concurrent use with medications sensitive to CYP3A4 inhibition (theoretical risk based on grapefruit juice literature, though GSE profile may differ)
- Pregnancy and lactation (insufficient safety data)
Evidence notes
Most evidence comes from in vitro and animal studies. Human clinical trials are sparse and methodologically limited. Safety is generally regarded as good based on traditional use, but efficacy claims for specific health conditions lack robust RCT support.
Grade C: Mostly observational or small trials; mechanism is plausible but unproven at scale.
Related in Herbal Extract
Check a full stack
Formulate's free interaction checker lets you paste in any combination of supplements and medications at once — every pairing flags severity, timing, and cited evidence.
Open the checkerWhere does Grapefruit Seed Extract fit in your stack?
Answer two questions and get a stack graded on research — every ingredient scored on the evidence behind it, not the marketing.
Build my stack2 questions · free · no account needed to start
Also on iPhone — get the free app
Evidence-based supplement guides, no spam
We send a short digest when new guides drop — nothing else. No affiliate pushes, no sponsored content, unsubscribe anytime.
Medical disclaimer. This page is educational and does not replace advice from a qualified healthcare provider. Individual needs and risks vary — consult a professional before starting, stopping, or combining supplements, especially if you are pregnant or nursing, taking medication, or managing a health condition.