Botanical
Elderberry
Also known as: Sambucus nigra, Black elderberry, Sambucol, Elderberry Extract (Sambucus nigra)
A
Evidence
Elderberry is a dark berry extract standardized to anthocyanins (polyphenolic flavonoids) traditionally used to support immune function and reduce cold/flu duration. Evidence supports benefits for respiratory illness severity, particularly influenza.
Primary uses
- Cold/flu treatment
- Antiviral
- Immune support
- Respiratory health
- Immune support during cold and flu season
- Reduction of cold/flu symptom duration and severity
- Respiratory tract infection prevention
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory support
How it works
- Inhibits viral hemagglutinin
- Blocks viral entry into cells
- Modulates cytokine production
- Provides anthocyanin antioxidants
Dosage
- Typical range
- 175-1000mg standardized extract daily; higher for acute illness
- Timing
- At first sign of symptoms, multiple doses daily when ill
- With food
- Either way
- Duration
- Up to 5 days for acute illness, can use preventively
- Special populations
- Children (syrup form), adults, elderly
Forms
- Standardized extract
- Syrup
- Lozenges
- Capsules
- Syrup (traditional, easy dosing)· 70/100
- Gummy (convenient, often lower dose per serving)· 70/100
- Capsule/tablet· 70/100
- Lozenge· 70/100
- Liquid extract/tincture· 70/100
Safety
Common side effects
- GI upset with large amounts
- Rare: allergic reactions
Contraindications
- Autoimmune diseases (theoretical)
- Immunosuppressant use (monitor)
Evidence notes
Good clinical evidence for cold/flu duration
Grade A: Multiple well-designed human trials support the main claims.
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