Amino Acid
Choline (as DL-Choline Bitartrate)
Also known as: choline bitartrate, DL-choline bitartrate, choline salt
Choline (as DL-choline bitartrate) is an essential nutrient required for neurotransmitter synthesis, cell membrane integrity, and lipid metabolism. Bitartrate is an inexpensive salt form with moderate bioavailability.
Primary uses
- cognitive function
- liver health
- cell membrane structure
- neurotransmitter synthesis
How it works
- precursor to acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
- component of phosphatidylcholine
- methyl donor for homocysteine metabolism
Dosage
- Typical range
- 250–600 mg daily
- Timing
- can be taken anytime; typically with meals for GI tolerance
- With food
- Taking with food may improve tolerance and absorption
- Duration
- Safe for long-term use; adequate intake 550 mg (men), 425 mg (women)
- Special populations
- Pregnant/lactating women: 930 mg daily; DL form has lower activity than L-form
Forms
- DL-choline bitartrate· 70/100
Safety
Common side effects
- fish-like body odor (rare, dose-dependent)
- nausea
- abdominal discomfort
Contraindications
- trimethylaminuria (TMAU) or genetic predisposition
Evidence notes
Choline has good evidence for liver and cognitive health; bitartrate form has moderate bioavailability; more bioavailable forms include CDP-choline and choline alphoscerate.
Grade B: Some human trials support key claims; further confirmation needed.
Related in Amino Acid
Check a full stack
Formulate's free interaction checker lets you paste in any combination of supplements and medications at once — every pairing flags severity, timing, and cited evidence.
Open the checkerMedical disclaimer. This page is educational and does not replace advice from a qualified healthcare provider.