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Mineral

Copper (as Fermented Copper Bisglycinate)

Also known as: copper bisglycinate, fermented copper, chelated copper

B
Evidence

Copper is an essential trace mineral required for iron metabolism, collagen synthesis, and fetal development. The bisglycinate chelate form enhances absorption and reduces potential for GI irritation.

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Daily target & upper limit

0.9 mg / day · UL 10 mg

Copper (as Fermented Copper Bisglycinate) has an established daily reference intake. See best forms, label synonyms, upper-limit warnings, and top-scoring supplements:

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Primary uses

  • Iron metabolism and hemoglobin formation
  • Collagen and elastin cross-linking
  • Antioxidant defense (cytochrome c oxidase)
  • Fetal skeletal and nervous system development

How it works

  • Cofactor for copper oxidase enzymes
  • Involved in iron oxidation and ferroxidase activity
  • Required for lysyl oxidase (collagen maturation)
  • Component of superoxide dismutase (SOD)

Dosage

Typical range
1 mg daily (RDA for pregnant women)
Timing
with meals preferred
With food
take with food to enhance absorption and minimize GI irritation; separate from high-dose zinc by at least 2 hours
Duration
throughout pregnancy and lactation
Special populations
Pregnant women 1 mg/day; lactating women 1.3 mg/day; do not exceed 10 mg/day

Forms

  • copper bisglycinate· 70/100
  • copper citrate· 70/100

Safety

Common side effects

  • nausea (rare at normal doses)
  • metallic taste (rare)

Contraindications

  • Wilson's disease
  • Menkes disease

Products containing Copper (as Fermented Copper Bisglycinate)

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Evidence notes

Established physiological role in pregnancy; RCT evidence supporting copper adequacy during pregnancy; deficiency linked to poor fetal outcomes; bisglycinate form confirmed safe and bioavailable.

Grade B: Some human trials support key claims; further confirmation needed.

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Medical disclaimer. This page is educational and does not replace advice from a qualified healthcare provider.