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Amino Acid

L-Citrulline Malate (2:1)

Also known as: Citrulline Malate, Citrulline Malate 2:1, CM2:1

B
Evidence

A non-protein amino acid bound to malic acid (2:1 ratio) that enhances nitric oxide production and ATP regeneration in muscle tissue. Emerging evidence suggests superior bioavailability and endurance benefits compared to L-arginine.

Primary uses

  • Nitric oxide and vasodilation
  • Exercise endurance and fatigue reduction
  • Muscle soreness (DOMS) reduction
  • Blood flow and oxygen delivery
  • ATP/energy recovery

How it works

  • L-citrulline converts to L-arginine in kidneys, bypassing hepatic degradation for superior NO production
  • Malic acid supports ATP synthesis in mitochondria (TCA cycle intermediate)
  • Enhanced ammonia clearance, reducing fatigue metabolites
  • Improved vascular endothelial function and blood flow
  • Reduced protein degradation in muscle tissue

Dosage

Typical range
6-8 grams daily (providing 4-5.3 g citrulline and 2-2.7 g malate)
Timing
60-90 minutes before exercise for endurance; can divide daily dose
With food
Better absorbed on empty stomach; take with water or beverage
Duration
Benefits may appear within 7-14 days of consistent use; full effects by 2-4 weeks
Special populations
Generally very well-tolerated; safe for most populations including athletes; minimal contraindications

Forms

  • Malic acid chelate 2:1 ratio· 70/100

Safety

Common side effects

  • Gastrointestinal upset (rare at recommended doses)
  • Mild nausea (more common at doses >8 g daily)
  • Diarrhea (dose-dependent)

Contraindications

  • None significant; well-tolerated across populations
  • Theoretical caution with severe renal dysfunction (as with all amino acids)

Evidence notes

Good RCT evidence for endurance performance, fatigue reduction, and DOMS. Multiple studies show citrulline malate 2:1 improves exercise output and recovery better than placebo. Better evidence base than arginine for athletic performance.

Grade B: Some human trials support key claims; further confirmation needed.

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Medical disclaimer. This page is educational and does not replace advice from a qualified healthcare provider.