Antioxidant
Cyanidin 3-Glucoside
Also known as: C3G, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, Oryza sativa extract, black rice anthocyanin
Cyanidin 3-glucoside is an anthocyanin flavonoid compound primarily derived from black rice (Oryza sativa) with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Limited human evidence supports potential benefits for metabolic and cognitive function, though most data comes from in vitro and animal studies.
Primary uses
- Antioxidant support
- Anti-inflammatory effects
- Metabolic health
- Cognitive function
How it works
- Free radical scavenging via anthocyanin polyphenol structure
- Upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes
- Mitochondrial protection and reduction of oxidative stress
Dosage
- Typical range
- 500–1,000 mg daily (as Oryza sativa extract containing cyanidin 3-glucoside)
- Timing
- With meals to enhance absorption and reduce GI upset
- With food
- Recommended; fat and fiber presence may enhance anthocyanin bioavailability
- Duration
- Typical supplementation duration 4–12 weeks; long-term safety data limited
- Special populations
- Safety in pregnancy, lactation, and pediatric populations not established
Forms
- Capsule (standardized extract)· 70/100
- Powder extract· 70/100
Safety
Common side effects
- Generally well-tolerated
- Rare: mild gastrointestinal discomfort
- Rare: allergic reactions in individuals with rice sensitivity
Contraindications
- Rice allergy or sensitivity
- Bleeding disorders (theoretical increased bleeding risk; limited clinical evidence)
- Concurrent anticoagulant therapy (caution advised; interaction potential not well-established)
Evidence notes
Cyanidin 3-glucoside shows strong in vitro and animal model data for antioxidant and neuroprotective activity. However, human clinical trial data is limited and largely preliminary. Bioavailability and absorption variation across individuals is not fully characterized. Grade C reflects moderate mechanistic plausibility but insufficient human evidence.
Grade C: Mostly observational or small trials; mechanism is plausible but unproven at scale.
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